Breast cancer is a disease that predominantly affects females aged 45 years or older, with the average age of diagnosis being around 62 years. The early signs of breast cancer can include a lump or thickening in the breast or underarm area, changes in the nipple, and other symptoms. While it is more common in middle-aged and older females, it can also occur in younger females and males. Early detection of breast cancer is crucial for effective treatment and better survival rates, especially in older adults who may face age-related challenges in responding to treatment.
As people age, changes in breast tissue can occur, making it important to pay attention to any new lumps or masses that appear in the breast or underarm area. While not all breast lumps are cancerous, older females should be aware that the chance of a breast lump being cancerous increases with age. These lumps may feel hard, irregular, painful, or cause discomfort, and it is essential to consult a healthcare professional if a new breast lump is discovered.
Changes in the nipple, such as inversion, discharge (especially if it is bloody or spontaneous), or flaky, dry, or thickened skin around the nipple or areola, can also be potential signs of breast cancer. Older adults should be particularly cautious if they experience these symptoms, as they may indicate underlying health issues that need to be addressed promptly.
Persistent or unexplained breast pain, although uncommon as a symptom of breast cancer, should not be ignored, especially if it occurs alongside other symptoms such as a hard lump in the breast. While breast pain is more commonly associated with benign conditions, consulting a doctor is advisable to determine the cause and rule out any potential concerns.
Performing regular breast self-exams is still considered an essential tool for detecting changes that may be signs of breast cancer, despite the American Cancer Society not recommending them as part of routine screening for breast cancer. Older females can follow these tips for performing a self-exam:
– Stand or sit in front of a well-lit mirror to observe visual symptoms, such as changes in breast size, shape, or symmetry.
– Check for dimpling, puckering, or discoloration around the nipples and surrounding area.
– Raise one arm at a time to check the breasts and underarms for any visible changes in skin texture or appearance.
– When feeling for changes, choose a comfortable position like lying on a bed or sitting upright in a chair and use a firm yet gentle touch to feel for any lumps, thickening, or changes in texture in the breast tissue.
The American Cancer Society recommends that females aged 45 to 54 undergo yearly mammograms, while those who are 55 and older can opt for screening every two years. If any changes are detected during a self-exam or if symptoms are experienced, it is crucial to consult a doctor promptly for evaluation and testing. The doctor may conduct a clinical breast exam, order additional imaging tests, and possibly recommend a biopsy to further investigate any abnormalities or concerns.
Early diagnosis of breast cancer significantly improves treatment success and overall outlook. Individuals should be aware of the signs of breast cancer, especially older females who may face age-related challenges. Monitoring breast health through regular self-exams, visual inspections, and seeking medical advice when unusual symptoms arise can help in detecting breast cancer at an early stage and improving treatment outcomes.